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  3. Pro Forma
Accounting & Finance P

Pro Forma

Also known as: Pro Forma Projection

In property planning, a pro forma projects anticipated revenue and costs for a defined period using stated assumptions.

In property planning, a pro forma is a projection of anticipated revenue and costs for a defined period. It describes an expected scenario built from assumptions rather than recording completed operating results.

Property operations example: label assumptions about rent, occupancy, and expenses, then compare the projection with actual reports as the period progresses. Keep any revisions identifiable so the original scenario remains understandable.

Source: California Debt and Investment Advisory Commission, Debt Financing Guide, Pro Forma.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does a pro forma prove that its projected income was earned?

No. A projection states expectations. Actual income and expenses require records for the period being reported.

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Related Terms

  • Operating Budget
  • Cash Flow
  • Reforecast

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Accounts Payable

Accounts payable are unpaid vendor balances for goods or services bought on credit.

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Additional Rent

Charges billed to a commercial or residential tenant beyond base rent, including CAM reconciliations, property taxes, insurance, and late fees.

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Amortization

Loan amortization is the repayment of principal over time through scheduled payments that also cover interest.

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Bad Debt Reserve & Delinquency Aging

The accounting methodology categorizing past-due receivables into 30/60/90-day aging buckets and provisioning an allowance for uncollectable rent.

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Base Year & Gross Up Provision

A commercial lease provision adjusting variable operating expenses to reflect 95-100% occupancy to ensure equitable pass-through billings.

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